American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Certification Practice Exam

Which risk factor is not associated with higher evaluation urgency in patients with new-onset heart failure?

1. Age under 50

2. Multiple risk factors

3. Symptoms of coronary artery disease

4. Severe hypertension

The correct answer is: Age under 50

In considering the evaluation urgency for patients with new-onset heart failure, age plays a significant role in determining risk. Patients who are younger, particularly those under 50, tend to have better prognostic outcomes compared to older individuals. As age increases, so does the likelihood of comorbidities and the complexity of the case, which often necessitates a more urgent and thorough evaluation. On the other hand, the other options indicate factors that are associated with increased urgency. Multiple risk factors can complicate the clinical picture and may necessitate quicker intervention. Symptoms of coronary artery disease suggest underlying cardiovascular issues that could contribute to heart failure, requiring prompt assessment. Severe hypertension is a critical condition that demands immediate attention due to its potential to worsen heart failure and lead to significant complications. Thus, the factor of being under 50 years of age does not correlate with higher urgency for evaluation, as younger patients typically have a more favorable prognosis and less complex clinical management needs in the context of new-onset heart failure.