American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Certification Practice Exam

Which of the following is a common conservative treatment option for tarsal tunnel syndrome?

1. Compression stockings

2. Orthotics

3. Bracing of the knee

4. Increased athletic training

The correct answer is: Orthotics

Orthotics are a common conservative treatment option for tarsal tunnel syndrome. This condition occurs when the tibial nerve is compressed as it passes through the tarsal tunnel, causing pain, tingling, or numbness in the foot. The primary goal of using orthotics is to provide proper foot support, correct biomechanical abnormalities, and relieve pressure on the tibial nerve. By using orthotic devices, individuals can improve their foot alignment and gait, reducing stress on the tarsal tunnel area. This alignment helps alleviate symptoms and promote healing, making orthotics a fundamental part of conservative management. In contrast, while compression stockings can be beneficial for other venous or swelling issues, they are not specifically targeted for tarsal tunnel syndrome. Bracing of the knee may not address the underlying issue in the foot and could potentially exacerbate symptoms. Lastly, increased athletic training could lead to further irritation of the tibial nerve due to increased activity and strain on the foot, making it counterproductive for someone suffering from this condition.