American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Certification Practice Exam

Which measurement is considered a cost-effective way to risk stratify obese patients?

1. Body mass index

2. Waist circumference

3. Body fat percentage

4. Hip circumference

The correct answer is: Waist circumference

Waist circumference is recognized as a cost-effective measure for risk stratifying obese patients because it specifically assesses abdominal fat distribution, which is a critical factor in evaluating cardiovascular and metabolic risks associated with obesity. Central obesity, often indicated by an increased waist circumference, is linked to a higher likelihood of developing conditions such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. Measuring waist circumference is straightforward and can easily be implemented in a clinical setting without the need for expensive equipment or extensive training. Additionally, it provides immediate and actionable data that allows practitioners to stratify risk and tailor interventions for the patient. Other measurements, such as body mass index, while useful in assessing overall obesity, do not focus on fat distribution. Body fat percentage analysis can provide valuable information but often requires more complex and costly methods. Hip circumference, on its own, is less informative regarding the risks associated with abdominal fat accumulation. In summary, waist circumference stands out as the most practical and cost-effective approach to identifying risk in obese patients due to its direct correlation with obesity-related health risks and ease of use.