American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Certification Practice Exam

What type of therapy is suggested for addressing cognitive dysfunction in multiple sclerosis?

1. Drug therapy

2. Cognitive rehabilitation

3. Group therapy

4. Neurosurgery

The correct answer is: Cognitive rehabilitation

Cognitive rehabilitation is recognized as the most effective approach for addressing cognitive dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. This type of therapy focuses on enhancing the cognitive processes of patients through structured activities and exercises designed to improve specific cognitive skills. It aims to help individuals develop compensatory strategies to cope with cognitive challenges, such as memory loss or difficulties with attention and executive function, which are common in multiple sclerosis. Cognitive rehabilitation may involve both individual and group sessions, incorporating practical tasks and real-life scenarios to foster cognitive improvements. This approach is personalized to the patient's specific needs, making it particularly valuable in managing the varied cognitive impairments experienced by individuals with multiple sclerosis. Techniques may include memory training, problem-solving tasks, and strategies to improve organization and planning skills. In contrast, drug therapy typically targets the management of physical symptoms and the progression of the disease itself rather than directly addressing cognitive impairments. While some medications may modestly influence cognition, they are not primarily used for cognitive rehabilitation. Group therapy can be beneficial for emotional and social support but does not specifically target cognitive dysfunction. Neurosurgery is generally not applicable to multiple sclerosis, as it is primarily a demyelinating disease managed through medication and rehabilitation rather than surgical interventions.