American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Certification Practice Exam

What is the recommended frequency for clinical evaluation of patients with at-risk mitral regurgitation?

1. Every 3-5 years

2. Every year

3. Every 6-12 months

4. Every 2 years

The correct answer is: Every year

Patients with at-risk mitral regurgitation, particularly those with symptoms or relevant imaging findings, require careful monitoring due to the potential for disease progression and the development of complications such as heart failure or arrhythmias. Clinical evaluations on a yearly basis allow for timely identification of any changes in the patient's condition, ensuring that appropriate interventions can be undertaken if necessary. This includes assessing symptoms, evaluating changes in physical examination findings, and determining the need for any additional diagnostic tests, such as echocardiography. Regular yearly assessments help ensure that any worsening of the mitral regurgitation can be detected early, facilitating optimal management of the patient’s cardiovascular health. More extended intervals between evaluations, such as every 2 years or every 3-5 years, may be insufficient to catch important clinical changes, delaying potential interventions and thus increasing the risk for adverse outcomes. Similarly, evaluations every 6-12 months, while still somewhat regular, may not provide the frequency needed to proactively manage the patient’s health given the dynamic nature of the condition.