American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Certification Practice Exam

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What is the primary management approach for parvovirus B19 infection?

Antibiotics for secondary infections
Symptomatic treatment with NSAIDs
Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy
Rest and hydration only

The correct answer is: Symptomatic treatment with NSAIDs

The primary management approach for parvovirus B19 infection is focused on symptomatic treatment, with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) being a common choice. Parvovirus B19 causes a range of symptoms, including fever, rash, and arthralgia, especially in adults. Since the infection is viral in nature, antibiotics are ineffective against the virus itself. NSAIDs help alleviate pain and reduce inflammation associated with joint symptoms, making patients more comfortable while their immune system clears the virus naturally. Rest and hydration are also important components of care as they support the body's recovery, but they do not specifically address symptoms. Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy is generally reserved for severe cases or specific populations, such as individuals with aplastic anemia or significant immunocompromise. In most instances, supportive symptomatic treatment is sufficient for managing parvovirus B19 infections.