American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Certification Practice Exam

What is the initial therapy for ankle sprains?

1. Immediate surgical evaluation

2. Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation (RICE)

3. Long-term rehabilitation

4. Only application of ice

The correct answer is: Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation (RICE)

The initial therapy for ankle sprains is focused on addressing symptoms and promoting healing right after the injury occurs, and the most effective approach involves a combination of rest, ice, compression, and elevation, commonly referred to as RICE. This method is designed to reduce pain and swelling. Rest helps to prevent further injury and allows the healing process to begin. Ice application helps to alleviate swelling and numbs the area to reduce pain. Compression with an elastic bandage or wrap can limit swelling and provide support to the injured ankle. Elevation involves raising the ankle above the level of the heart, which further assists in reducing swelling by allowing fluid to drain away from the injury site. This approach is widely accepted because it is effective in the early management of sprains, aligning with guidelines from sports medicine and orthopedic associations. Other options, such as immediate surgical evaluation or long-term rehabilitation, may be necessary in more severe cases but are not the first line of treatment for most ankle sprains. Focusing solely on ice application neglects important aspects of care, such as rest and compression, which are crucial for optimal recovery.