American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Certification Practice Exam

What is the importance of administering hepatitis A vaccination and immune globulin to travelers?

1. To prevent allergic reactions

2. To provide optimal protection against hepatitis A

3. To enhance immune response to other vaccines

4. To prevent gastrointestinal infections

The correct answer is: To provide optimal protection against hepatitis A

Administering hepatitis A vaccination along with immune globulin is crucial for providing optimal protection against hepatitis A, particularly for travelers. Hepatitis A is a viral liver infection that can be contracted by consuming contaminated food or water, making travelers to regions where the virus is prevalent particularly vulnerable. The vaccination works by stimulating the immune system to produce antibodies against the hepatitis A virus, establishing long-term immunity. However, in certain situations, such as last-minute travel or when immediate protection is required, immune globulin is administered as it provides immediate passive immunity. Immune globulin contains pre-formed antibodies, offering instant protection until the vaccine takes effect. This combination ensures that individuals have both immediate and long-lasting protection against hepatitis A, significantly reducing the risk of infection during travel. While preventing allergic reactions, enhancing immune responses to other vaccines, and preventing gastrointestinal infections are relevant considerations in a broader vaccination context, they do not specifically address the critical protective benefits afforded by the hepatitis A vaccination and immune globulin when travel is involved. Thus, the importance of this approach hinges upon its specific role in safeguarding against hepatitis A exposure.