American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Certification Practice Exam

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What is a critical aspect of managing patients who have undergone cancer surgery?

Regular exercise
Thromboembolism prophylaxis
Dietary changes
Alternative medicine consultation

The correct answer is: Thromboembolism prophylaxis

Thromboembolism prophylaxis is a critical aspect of managing patients who have undergone cancer surgery due to the increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) associated with both surgery and cancer itself. Patients who have cancer may already have a hypercoagulable state, and the surgical procedure can further elevate this risk, particularly in the postoperative period when mobility is often reduced. Implementing thromboembolism prophylaxis, which may include anticoagulants or mechanical methods such as compression devices, is essential in preventing potentially life-threatening complications like deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). This proactive approach plays a significant role in enhancing patient safety and improving recovery outcomes after surgery. While regular exercise, dietary changes, and alternative medicine consultations may have their benefits in a comprehensive care plan, they do not specifically address the immediate and critical life-threatening risks associated with thromboembolic events post-cancer surgery. Thus, thromboembolism prophylaxis stands out as a paramount consideration in perioperative care for these patients.