American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Certification Practice Exam

What could be a consequence of untreated endophthalmitis?

1. Vision restoration

2. Complete vision loss

3. Improvement of symptoms without treatment

4. Inflammation without further effects

The correct answer is: Complete vision loss

Untreated endophthalmitis can lead to complete vision loss due to the severe nature of the condition. Endophthalmitis is an inflammation of the interior of the eye, typically resulting from infection, and it can cause damage to critical structures within the eye, including the retina and optic nerve. Without timely and appropriate treatment, the infectious processes can progress, leading to irreversible tissue damage and ultimate vision loss. On the other hand, while some cases might show transient or partial improvement of symptoms, the risk of complete vision loss significantly outweighs any potential for restoration or improvement without appropriate intervention. Additionally, the notion that inflammation could occur without further effects misunderstands the potential consequences of the infection, which can lead to long-term detrimental outcomes if left untreated. Therefore, complete vision loss is a considerable risk when endophthalmitis is not addressed promptly and effectively.