American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Certification Practice Exam

To improve grip strength and pain in women with hand osteoarthritis, what is the preferred intervention?

1. Home-based hand exercise program

2. Intra-articular injections

3. Heat therapy

4. Electrical stimulation

The correct answer is: Home-based hand exercise program

The preferred intervention for improving grip strength and reducing pain in women with hand osteoarthritis is a home-based hand exercise program. This approach has been demonstrated in multiple studies to enhance muscle strength and functionality in the hands, which is particularly important for individuals suffering from osteoarthritis, as it targets the affected joints and surrounding muscles directly. Home-based exercise programs offer the added benefit of allowing patients to practice the exercises at their own pace and convenience, which can lead to better adherence and overall results. The exercises typically involve range-of-motion activities, strengthening exercises, and stretching, all of which contribute not only to improved grip strength but also to the maintenance of joint mobility and decreased stiffness. In contrast, while intra-articular injections may provide temporary relief from inflammation and pain, they do not specifically address the underlying issues related to muscle weakness or joint function that contribute to grip strength problems. Similarly, heat therapy and electrical stimulation can provide symptomatic relief and comfort but do not have the same level of evidence supporting their effectiveness in building strength or improving functional outcomes compared to a structured exercise program. Therefore, the home-based hand exercise program stands out as the most effective and comprehensive intervention for this population.