American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Certification Practice Exam

In patients taking fingolimod, which risk should be monitored through frequent eye exams?

1. Retinal detachment

2. Macular edema

3. Vitreous hemorrhage

4. Optic neuritis

The correct answer is: Macular edema

Fingolimod is an oral medication commonly used to manage multiple sclerosis (MS). One of the significant ocular side effects associated with its use is macular edema. Macular edema occurs when there is an accumulation of fluid in the macula, which can lead to blurred or distorted vision. This side effect is particularly relevant in the context of MS patients who may be at increased risk for visual changes as part of their underlying disease. Frequent eye exams in patients taking fingolimod are essential for early detection and management of macular edema. Monitoring is important because early identification allows for timely intervention, which can help mitigate potential visual impairment. It is recommended that patients undergo baseline eye examinations and regular follow-ups to evaluate any changes in macular health throughout their treatment. The emphasis on monitoring for macular edema rather than other potential ocular complications arises from its specific association with fingolimod therapy, reflecting the importance of targeted surveillance in enhancing patient safety and treatment efficacy.