American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Certification Practice Exam

A complete blood count in a patient with severe Ulcerative Colitis would typically show:

1. Normal white blood cells

2. Low hemoglobin levels

3. Stable red blood cell count

4. Elevated platelet counts

The correct answer is: Low hemoglobin levels

In patients with severe Ulcerative Colitis, low hemoglobin levels are typically observed due to chronic intestinal bleeding and reduced absorption of nutrients. The inflammation and ulceration in the colonic mucosa can lead to blood loss, which often results in anemia. This can be exacerbated by dietary deficiencies of iron and other nutrients, particularly when the disease is active and the patient's diet may be compromised. The presence of low hemoglobin levels is a classic finding in conditions associated with significant gastrointestinal disturbance and bleeding, making this a relevant and expected laboratory result for patients with Ulcerative Colitis who are experiencing severe symptoms. By measuring hemoglobin levels in these patients, healthcare providers can assess the extent of the disease's impact on the patient's overall health and make informed decisions regarding treatment and management strategies.